From 1bb8379602dfc5b0bbb32eb4c6bb7549f6c3488e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stefano Di Martino <stefano.d@posteo.de>
Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2026 09:31:24 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Fix feOffset/feDropShadow under rotated or skewed
 transforms

feOffset's dx/dy were mapped through `scale_coordinates`, which only
multiplies by the transform's scale factors and discards rotation and
skew. As a result, an offset inside a rotated or skewed group was applied
axis-aligned in device space instead of being rotated together with the
filtered content, producing output inconsistent with browsers.

Unlike blur radii, an offset is a vector and can be represented exactly,
so map dx/dy through the full linear part of the transform via a new
`transform_coordinates` helper, used by both feOffset and feDropShadow.

Adds unit tests for the coordinate mapping and regenerates the
feOffset/feMerge/feTile complex-transform references, which previously
encoded the buggy behavior.

Regenerated references show a shift: in these tests the filter output is
the offset result itself (e.g. feOffset's complex-transform has only an
feOffset), so correcting the offset moves the whole shape. For feOffset's
complex-transform (dx=20 dy=40, transform skewX(30) translate(-50), plus
1.5x viewport scale), skewX adds tan(30)*dy to the x offset: the device
offset goes from ~(34.6, 60)px to ~(64.6, 60)px, i.e. ~30px further right,
y unchanged. This matches the SVG spec and Chrome.

Known limitation (pre-existing, not introduced here): the filter region
is still clipped using the axis-aligned bounding box of the (sheared or
rotated) region rather than the exact transformed rectangle. With this
fix the offset is correctly sheared further out, so it can now reach the
default filter region boundary and get clipped there. The clip edge is
therefore axis-aligned in device space instead of following the skew as
in Chrome. Because the AABB is larger than the true region, resvg never
clips more than a spec-perfect renderer would. Making the region clip
exact would require reworking filter-region handling and is out of scope
for this fix.

Fixes #949

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 CHANGELOG.md                                  |   6 ++
 crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs                |  70 ++++++++++++++++--
 .../filters/feMerge/complex-transform.png     | Bin 9062 -> 8512 bytes
 .../filters/feOffset/complex-transform.png    | Bin 923 -> 916 bytes
 .../filters/feTile/complex-transform.png      | Bin 453 -> 458 bytes
 5 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index e5f95ecac..bcfd484fb 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -8,6 +8,12 @@ This changelog also contains important changes in dependencies.
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+### Fixed
+
+- `feOffset` and `feDropShadow` now rotate and skew their `dx`/`dy` together with
+  the filtered content instead of only scaling it, fixing incorrect filter output
+  inside rotated or skewed groups. (#949)
+
 ## [0.48.1] 2026-08-02
 
 This release has an MSRV of 1.85.0 for `usvg` and `resvg` and the C API.
diff --git a/crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs b/crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs
index 30f8680c5..0af9291a3 100644
--- a/crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs
@@ -584,10 +584,10 @@ fn apply_drop_shadow(
     ts: usvg::Transform,
     input: Image,
 ) -> Result<Image, Error> {
-    let (dx, dy) = match scale_coordinates(fe.dx(), fe.dy(), ts) {
-        Some(v) => v,
-        None => return Ok(input),
-    };
+    // The offset is a vector in user space, so it must be mapped through the
+    // full linear part of the transform (including rotation and skew), not just
+    // scaled by the transform's scale factors.
+    let (dx, dy) = transform_coordinates(fe.dx(), fe.dy(), ts);
 
     let mut pixmap = tiny_skia::Pixmap::try_create(input.width(), input.height())?;
     let input_pixmap = input.into_color_space(cs)?.take()?;
@@ -670,10 +670,10 @@ fn apply_offset(
     ts: usvg::Transform,
     input: Image,
 ) -> Result<Image, Error> {
-    let (dx, dy) = match scale_coordinates(fe.dx(), fe.dy(), ts) {
-        Some(v) => v,
-        None => return Ok(input),
-    };
+    // The offset is a vector in user space, so it must be mapped through the
+    // full linear part of the transform (including rotation and skew), not just
+    // scaled by the transform's scale factors. See issue #949.
+    let (dx, dy) = transform_coordinates(fe.dx(), fe.dy(), ts);
 
     if dx.approx_zero_ulps(4) && dy.approx_zero_ulps(4) {
         return Ok(input);
@@ -1145,3 +1145,57 @@ fn scale_coordinates(x: f32, y: f32, ts: usvg::Transform) -> Option<(f32, f32)>
     let (sx, sy) = ts.get_scale();
     Some((x * sx, y * sy))
 }
+
+/// Maps a coordinate *vector* (e.g. `feOffset`'s `dx`/`dy`) through the linear
+/// part of the current transform.
+///
+/// Unlike [`scale_coordinates`], this preserves the direction of the vector
+/// under rotation and skew. This is required for offsets, which represent a
+/// displacement in user space and must be rotated together with the content
+/// they are applied to.
+fn transform_coordinates(x: f32, y: f32, ts: usvg::Transform) -> (f32, f32) {
+    // Drop the translation part: we are mapping a vector, not a position.
+    let linear = tiny_skia::Transform::from_row(ts.sx, ts.ky, ts.kx, ts.sy, 0.0, 0.0);
+    let mut point = tiny_skia::Point::from_xy(x, y);
+    linear.map_point(&mut point);
+    (point.x, point.y)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn approx_eq(a: f32, b: f32) -> bool {
+        (a - b).abs() < 1e-3
+    }
+
+    // Regression test for https://github.com/linebender/resvg/issues/949
+    //
+    // An `feOffset` placed inside a rotated group must have its `dx`/`dy`
+    // rotated together with the content. The previous implementation only
+    // scaled the offset by the transform's scale factors, which dropped the
+    // rotation and produced an axis-aligned offset instead of a rotated one.
+    #[test]
+    fn offset_coordinates_follow_rotation() {
+        // A pure 90° rotation. An offset of (10, 0) must become (0, 10).
+        let ts = usvg::Transform::from_rotate(90.0);
+        let (dx, dy) = transform_coordinates(10.0, 0.0, ts);
+        assert!(approx_eq(dx, 0.0), "dx = {dx}");
+        assert!(approx_eq(dy, 10.0), "dy = {dy}");
+
+        // The old, scale-only behaviour would have returned (10, 0), since the
+        // scale factors of a pure rotation are both 1.
+        let (sx, sy) = scale_coordinates(10.0, 0.0, ts).unwrap();
+        assert!(approx_eq(sx, 10.0) && approx_eq(sy, 0.0));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn offset_coordinates_combine_rotation_and_scale() {
+        // 45° rotation combined with a 2x uniform scale.
+        let ts = usvg::Transform::from_rotate(45.0).post_scale(2.0, 2.0);
+        let (dx, dy) = transform_coordinates(10.0, 0.0, ts);
+        let expected = 10.0 * 2.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_1_SQRT_2;
+        assert!(approx_eq(dx, expected), "dx = {dx}");
+        assert!(approx_eq(dy, expected), "dy = {dy}");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/resvg/tests/tests/filters/feMerge/complex-transform.png b/crates/resvg/tests/tests/filters/feMerge/complex-transform.png
index 6d31c5fa3e380c69d07da0dd8f1e9d3a1e9949b9..b103cc7704621268f1d36585122a0a0df7c14099 100644
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From 56fde4bda4d8e8ddab025ce08eeb67df5d03ce86 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stefano Di Martino <stefano.d@posteo.de>
Date: Wed, 9 Sep 2026 17:38:34 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Drop the dead `Option` from `scale_coordinates`

`scale_coordinates` ended in `Some((x * sx, y * sy))` and could never
return `None`, so the `None => return Ok(...)` arms in `apply_morphology`
and `apply_displacement_map`, and the `?` in `resolve_std_dev`, were all
unreachable. Return `(f32, f32)` directly and drop them; no behaviour is
lost.

Also documents what the function actually does. `Transform::get_scale`
returns the lengths of the matrix rows, `sqrt(sx^2 + kx^2)` and
`sqrt(ky^2 + sy^2)`, so rotation and skew still contribute their
magnitude and only the direction is discarded. That is what makes it
right for a radius and wrong for the offset vector that
`transform_coordinates` now handles.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs | 24 ++++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs b/crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs
index 0af9291a3..900cd2387 100644
--- a/crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/resvg/src/filter/mod.rs
@@ -940,10 +940,7 @@ fn apply_morphology(
 ) -> Result<Image, Error> {
     let mut pixmap = input.into_color_space(cs)?.take()?;
 
-    let (rx, ry) = match scale_coordinates(fe.radius_x().get(), fe.radius_y().get(), ts) {
-        Some(v) => v,
-        None => return Ok(Image::from_image(pixmap, cs)),
-    };
+    let (rx, ry) = scale_coordinates(fe.radius_x().get(), fe.radius_y().get(), ts);
 
     if !(rx > 0.0 && ry > 0.0) {
         pixmap.clear();
@@ -968,10 +965,7 @@ fn apply_displacement_map(
 
     let mut pixmap = tiny_skia::Pixmap::try_create(region.width(), region.height())?;
 
-    let (sx, sy) = match scale_coordinates(fe.scale(), fe.scale(), ts) {
-        Some(v) => v,
-        None => return Ok(Image::from_image(pixmap1, cs)),
-    };
+    let (sx, sy) = scale_coordinates(fe.scale(), fe.scale(), ts);
 
     displacement_map::apply(
         fe,
@@ -1117,7 +1111,7 @@ fn apply_to_canvas(input: Image, pixmap: &mut tiny_skia::Pixmap) -> Result<(), E
 ///
 /// If the last flag is set, then a box blur should be used. Or IIR otherwise.
 fn resolve_std_dev(std_dx: f32, std_dy: f32, ts: usvg::Transform) -> Option<(f64, f64, bool)> {
-    let (mut std_dx, mut std_dy) = scale_coordinates(std_dx, std_dy, ts)?;
+    let (mut std_dx, mut std_dy) = scale_coordinates(std_dx, std_dy, ts);
 
     // 'A negative value or a value of zero disables the effect of the given filter primitive
     // (i.e., the result is the filter input image).'
@@ -1141,9 +1135,15 @@ fn resolve_std_dev(std_dx: f32, std_dy: f32, ts: usvg::Transform) -> Option<(f64
     Some((std_dx as f64, std_dy as f64, box_blur))
 }
 
-fn scale_coordinates(x: f32, y: f32, ts: usvg::Transform) -> Option<(f32, f32)> {
+/// Scales a magnitude *pair* (e.g. a blur or morphology radius) by the per-axis
+/// scale factors of the current transform, i.e. the lengths of its matrix rows.
+///
+/// Rotation and skew still contribute their magnitude here; what is lost is the
+/// direction. That is right for a radius and wrong for a vector, which is what
+/// [`transform_coordinates`] is for.
+fn scale_coordinates(x: f32, y: f32, ts: usvg::Transform) -> (f32, f32) {
     let (sx, sy) = ts.get_scale();
-    Some((x * sx, y * sy))
+    (x * sx, y * sy)
 }
 
 /// Maps a coordinate *vector* (e.g. `feOffset`'s `dx`/`dy`) through the linear
@@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         // The old, scale-only behaviour would have returned (10, 0), since the
         // scale factors of a pure rotation are both 1.
-        let (sx, sy) = scale_coordinates(10.0, 0.0, ts).unwrap();
+        let (sx, sy) = scale_coordinates(10.0, 0.0, ts);
         assert!(approx_eq(sx, 10.0) && approx_eq(sy, 0.0));
     }