[Conan] consolidate package configurations

[matheusgomes28]

Make sure that we have somewhat the correct data files and structure to be accepted into the conan-centre-index

TODOs:

• Add a couple of version support with the conandata.yml and the config.yml. 🔧
• Apply patches to support older compilers: the main issue is the span header. 🩹
• Write some test packages for this. Maybe support Conan v1 too? 💪

This is a reference PR by one of the active conan devs.