diff --git a/src/AmphpIpcPeer.php b/src/AmphpIpcPeer.php
index c057ba2..54cee5d 100644
--- a/src/AmphpIpcPeer.php
+++ b/src/AmphpIpcPeer.php
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 use Amp\ByteStream\ReadableResourceStream;
 use Amp\ByteStream\WritableResourceStream;
 use Amp\DeferredFuture;
-use StreamIpc\Transport\AmpByteStreamMessageTransport;
 use Revolt\EventLoop;
+use StreamIpc\Transport\AmpByteStreamMessageTransport;
 use function Amp\Future\awaitFirst;
 use function is_resource;
 
diff --git a/src/Envelope/ResponsePromise.php b/src/Envelope/ResponsePromise.php
index b8638bb..da72a04 100644
--- a/src/Envelope/ResponsePromise.php
+++ b/src/Envelope/ResponsePromise.php
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 final class ResponsePromise
 {
     public const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 30.0;
+
     /** @var ?Message The response message, null if not yet received. */
     private ?Message $response = null;
 
diff --git a/src/IpcSession.php b/src/IpcSession.php
index baf9e2f..5c5c11e 100644
--- a/src/IpcSession.php
+++ b/src/IpcSession.php
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 use StreamIpc\Envelope\RequestEnvelope;
 use StreamIpc\Envelope\ResponseEnvelope;
 use StreamIpc\Envelope\ResponsePromise;
-use StreamIpc\Message\LogMessage;
+use StreamIpc\Message\ErrorMessage;
 use StreamIpc\Message\Message;
 use StreamIpc\Transport\MessageTransport;
 use StreamIpc\Transport\StreamClosedException;
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public function dispatch(Message $envelope): void
             } catch (Throwable $e) {
                 try {
                     $this->transport->send(
-                        new ResponseEnvelope($envelope->id, new LogMessage('Error in dispatch: ' . $e->getMessage(), 'error'))
+                        new ResponseEnvelope($envelope->id, new ErrorMessage('Error in dispatch', $e))
                     );
                 } catch (StreamClosedException) {
                     throw $e;
diff --git a/src/Message/ErrorMessage.php b/src/Message/ErrorMessage.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31c7a09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Message/ErrorMessage.php
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace StreamIpc\Message;
+
+use Throwable;
+
+final readonly class ErrorMessage implements Message
+{
+    private string $errorMessage;
+
+    public function __construct(string $errorMessage, ?Throwable $exception = null)
+    {
+        if ($exception !== null) {
+            $errorMessage .= PHP_EOL . get_class($exception) . ': ' . $exception->getMessage() . PHP_EOL . $exception->getTraceAsString();
+        }
+
+        $this->errorMessage = trim($errorMessage);
+    }
+
+    public function toString(): string
+    {
+        return $this->errorMessage;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Message/LogMessage.php b/src/Message/LogMessage.php
index 11ae1ec..a3f4d14 100644
--- a/src/Message/LogMessage.php
+++ b/src/Message/LogMessage.php
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
  */
 final readonly class LogMessage implements Message
 {
+    public const LEVEL_JUNK = 'junk';
+
     /**
      * Constructs a new LogMessage.
      *
diff --git a/src/NativeIpcPeer.php b/src/NativeIpcPeer.php
index 1666dac..4852e44 100644
--- a/src/NativeIpcPeer.php
+++ b/src/NativeIpcPeer.php
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 
 namespace StreamIpc;
 
+use RuntimeException;
 use StreamIpc\Transport\MessageTransport;
 use StreamIpc\Transport\NativeMessageTransport;
-use RuntimeException;
 
 /**
  * IPC peer implementation that works with standard PHP stream resources.
@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ public function tick(?float $timeout = null): void
             $usec = (int)(($timeout - $sec) * 1e6);
         }
 
+        $writes = $except = null;
         if (@stream_select($reads, $writes, $except, $sec, $usec) <= 0) {
             // no streams ready or error occurred
             return;
diff --git a/src/Serialization/JsonMessageSerializer.php b/src/Serialization/JsonMessageSerializer.php
index fbe16ab..86b302e 100644
--- a/src/Serialization/JsonMessageSerializer.php
+++ b/src/Serialization/JsonMessageSerializer.php
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 namespace StreamIpc\Serialization;
 
 use JsonException;
-use StreamIpc\Message\LogMessage;
-use StreamIpc\Message\Message;
 use ReflectionClass;
+use StreamIpc\Message\ErrorMessage;
+use StreamIpc\Message\Message;
 use Throwable;
 use function class_exists;
 
@@ -100,17 +100,17 @@ public function deserialize(string $data): Message
     {
         try {
             $decoded = json_decode($data, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
-        } catch (Throwable $e) {
-            return new LogMessage($data, 'error');
+        } catch (JsonException $e) {
+            return new ErrorMessage('json_decode failed:' . $data, $e);
         }
 
         if (!is_array($decoded) || !isset($decoded['__class'])) {
-            return new LogMessage($data, 'error');
+            return new ErrorMessage('Invalid data to unserialize: ' . $data);
         }
 
         $class = $decoded['__class'];
         if (!class_exists($class)) {
-            return new LogMessage("Unknown class: {$class}", 'error');
+            return new ErrorMessage("Unknown class: {$class}");
         }
 
         try {
@@ -127,11 +127,11 @@ public function deserialize(string $data): Message
                 $prop->setValue($inst, $this->fromArray($value));
             }
         } catch (Throwable $e) {
-            return new LogMessage($data, 'error');
+            return new ErrorMessage('Failed to unserialize data:' . $data, $e);
         }
 
         if (!$inst instanceof Message) {
-            return new LogMessage("Decoded object is not a Message: {$data}", 'error');
+            return new ErrorMessage("Decoded object is not a Message: {$data}");
         }
 
         return $inst;
diff --git a/src/Transport/FrameCodec.php b/src/Transport/FrameCodec.php
index d0a6570..8dc926d 100644
--- a/src/Transport/FrameCodec.php
+++ b/src/Transport/FrameCodec.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 namespace StreamIpc\Transport;
 
 use RuntimeException;
+use StreamIpc\Message\ErrorMessage;
 use StreamIpc\Message\LogMessage;
 use StreamIpc\Message\Message;
 use StreamIpc\Serialization\MessageSerializer;
@@ -11,17 +12,19 @@
 
 final class FrameCodec
 {
-    public const MAGIC      = "\xF3\x4A\x9D\xE2";
+    public const MAGIC = "\xF3\x4A\x9D\xE2";
     private const MAGIC_LEN = 4;
-    private const LEN_LEN   = 4;
+    private const LEN_LEN = 4;
 
     private string $buffer = '';
-    private int    $scanPos = 0;
+
+    private int $scanPos = 0;
 
     public function __construct(
         private readonly MessageSerializer $serializer,
         private readonly ?int $maxFrame = null
-    ) {}
+    ) {
+    }
 
     public function pack(Message $message): string
     {
@@ -48,7 +51,7 @@ public function feed(string $chunk): array
                 $junkLen = strlen($this->buffer) - $overlap;
 
                 if ($junkLen > 0) {
-                    $messages[] = new LogMessage(substr($this->buffer, 0, $junkLen), 'error');
+                    $messages[] = new LogMessage(substr($this->buffer, 0, $junkLen), LogMessage::LEVEL_JUNK);
                     $this->buffer = substr($this->buffer, $junkLen); // keep only overlap
                 }
                 $this->scanPos = 0;
@@ -57,7 +60,7 @@ public function feed(string $chunk): array
 
             // ── 2. junk before header ──────────────────────────────────────────────
             if ($pos > 0) {
-                $messages[] = new LogMessage(substr($this->buffer, 0, $pos), 'error');
+                $messages[] = new LogMessage(substr($this->buffer, 0, $pos), LogMessage::LEVEL_JUNK);
                 $this->buffer = substr($this->buffer, $pos);
                 $this->scanPos = 0;
             }
@@ -69,10 +72,10 @@ public function feed(string $chunk): array
 
             // ── 4. parse 32-bit BE length fast ─────────────────────────────────────
             $lenOffset = self::MAGIC_LEN;
-            $length = (ord($this->buffer[$lenOffset    ]) << 24)
+            $length = (ord($this->buffer[$lenOffset ]) << 24)
                 | (ord($this->buffer[$lenOffset + 1]) << 16)
-                | (ord($this->buffer[$lenOffset + 2]) <<  8)
-                |  ord($this->buffer[$lenOffset + 3]);
+                | (ord($this->buffer[$lenOffset + 2]) << 8)
+                | ord($this->buffer[$lenOffset + 3]);
 
             if ($this->maxFrame !== null && $length > $this->maxFrame) {
                 throw new RuntimeException("Frame length $length exceeds max {$this->maxFrame}");
@@ -84,16 +87,18 @@ public function feed(string $chunk): array
             }
 
             // ── 5. extract payload & consume buffer ────────────────────────────────
-            $payload = substr($this->buffer,
+            $payload = substr(
+                $this->buffer,
                 self::MAGIC_LEN + self::LEN_LEN,
-                $length);
+                $length
+            );
             $this->buffer = substr($this->buffer, $frameSize);
             $this->scanPos = 0;
 
             try {
                 $messages[] = $this->serializer->deserialize($payload);
             } catch (Throwable $e) {
-                $messages[] = new LogMessage($payload, 'error');
+                $messages[] = new ErrorMessage('Failed to deserialize message payload', $e);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/Transport/NativeFrameReader.php b/src/Transport/NativeFrameReader.php
index 57b0f6f..41bf00d 100644
--- a/src/Transport/NativeFrameReader.php
+++ b/src/Transport/NativeFrameReader.php
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ final class NativeFrameReader
      * @param $serializer MessageSerializer used for incoming frames.
      * @param $maxFrame ?int Maximum allowed size for a single message frame.
      */
+
     /**
      * @param resource $stream
      */
diff --git a/tests/Unit/FrameCodecTest.php b/tests/Unit/FrameCodecTest.php
index 406ba26..522e956 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/FrameCodecTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/FrameCodecTest.php
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 use StreamIpc\Serialization\NativeMessageSerializer;
 use StreamIpc\Tests\Fixtures\SimpleMessage;
 use StreamIpc\Message\LogMessage;
+use StreamIpc\Message\ErrorMessage;
 use RuntimeException;
 use StreamIpc\Message\Message;
 use Throwable;
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ public function deserialize(string $data): Message
         $msgs = $codec->feed($frame);
 
         self::assertCount(1, $msgs);
-        self::assertInstanceOf(LogMessage::class, $msgs[0]);
+        self::assertInstanceOf(ErrorMessage::class, $msgs[0]);
     }
 
     /** 8. Feeding an empty string must be a no-op ******************************/
diff --git a/tests/Unit/IpcSessionTest.php b/tests/Unit/IpcSessionTest.php
index 506e354..ba1180c 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/IpcSessionTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/IpcSessionTest.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 use StreamIpc\Tests\Fixtures\FakeTransport;
 use StreamIpc\Tests\Fixtures\SimpleMessage;
 use StreamIpc\Message\LogMessage;
+use StreamIpc\Message\ErrorMessage;
 use StreamIpc\Envelope\RequestEnvelope;
 use StreamIpc\Envelope\ResponseEnvelope;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ public function testDispatchResponseStoresMessage(): void
         unset($promise);
     }
 
-    public function testDispatchErrorFromHandlerSendsLogMessage(): void
+    public function testDispatchErrorFromHandlerSendsErrorMessage(): void
     {
         $peer = new TestPeer();
         $transport = new FakeTransport();
@@ -73,7 +74,8 @@ public function testDispatchErrorFromHandlerSendsLogMessage(): void
         $this->assertCount(1, $transport->sent);
         $this->assertInstanceOf(ResponseEnvelope::class, $transport->sent[0]);
         $this->assertSame('123', $transport->sent[0]->id);
-        $this->assertStringContainsString('boom', $transport->sent[0]->response->message);
+        $this->assertInstanceOf(ErrorMessage::class, $transport->sent[0]->response);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('boom', $transport->sent[0]->response->toString());
     }
 
     public function testRequestCreatesPromiseAndSendsEnvelope(): void
diff --git a/tests/Unit/JsonMessageSerializerTest.php b/tests/Unit/JsonMessageSerializerTest.php
index 585b71b..364af4e 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/JsonMessageSerializerTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/JsonMessageSerializerTest.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 namespace StreamIpc\Tests\Unit;
 
 use StreamIpc\Serialization\JsonMessageSerializer;
-use StreamIpc\Message\LogMessage;
+use StreamIpc\Message\ErrorMessage;
 use StreamIpc\Tests\Fixtures\SimpleMessage;
 use StreamIpc\Tests\Fixtures\ComplexMessage;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
@@ -23,22 +23,22 @@ public function testRoundTripWithNestedObjects(): void
         $this->assertSame([1, 2], $decoded->list);
     }
 
-    public function testUnknownClassReturnsLogMessage(): void
+    public function testUnknownClassReturnsErrorMessage(): void
     {
         $serializer = new JsonMessageSerializer();
         $json = json_encode(['__class' => 'NoSuchClass', 'foo' => 'bar']);
         $decoded = $serializer->deserialize($json);
 
-        $this->assertInstanceOf(LogMessage::class, $decoded);
-        $this->assertSame('error', $decoded->level);
+        $this->assertInstanceOf(ErrorMessage::class, $decoded);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Unknown class', $decoded->toString());
     }
 
-    public function testInvalidJsonProducesLogMessage(): void
+    public function testInvalidJsonProducesErrorMessage(): void
     {
         $serializer = new JsonMessageSerializer();
         $decoded = $serializer->deserialize('{invalid json');
-        $this->assertInstanceOf(LogMessage::class, $decoded);
-        $this->assertSame('{invalid json', $decoded->message);
+        $this->assertInstanceOf(ErrorMessage::class, $decoded);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('json_decode failed', $decoded->toString());
     }
 
     public function testDeserializedObjectNotImplementingMessage(): void
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public function testDeserializedObjectNotImplementingMessage(): void
         $serializer = new JsonMessageSerializer();
         $objData = json_encode(['__class' => \stdClass::class]);
         $decoded = $serializer->deserialize($objData);
-        $this->assertInstanceOf(LogMessage::class, $decoded);
-        $this->assertSame('error', $decoded->level);
+        $this->assertInstanceOf(ErrorMessage::class, $decoded);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('Decoded object is not a Message', $decoded->toString());
     }
 }