The RP1 on the RPI5 has 28 multi-functional General-Purpose Input/Output pins available on the Raspberry Pi 40-pin GPIO connector.
GPIO pins can withstand upto 5V when RP1 is powered, and 3.63V when RP1 is unpowered.
The pins are in a single electrical bank (VDDIO0). The GPIO bank (IO_BANK0) can be powered from 1.8V or 3.3V, but interface timings have been specified at 3.3V.
Each pin can be controlled directly by software, or by a number of other functional blocks.
The bank supports the following functions:
• 5 × UART
• 6 × SPI
• 4 × I2C
• 2 × I2S - 1× Clock Producer instance, 1× Clock Consumer instance.
• RIO - Registered IO interface
• 24-bit DPI output
• 4-channel PWM output
• AUDIO_OUT - Stereo PWM audio output
• GPCLK - General-purpose clock input and output
• eMMC/SDIO bus with a 4-bit interface
• Interrupt generation from pin level or edge transitions
| GPIO Number | Function | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GPIO# | F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F5 | F6 | F7 | F8 | F9 |
| GPIO0 | SPI0_SIO[3] | DPI_PCLK | UART1_TX | I2C0_SDA | SYS_RIO[0] | PROC_RIO[0] | PIO[0] | SPI2_CSn[0] | |
| GPIO1 | SPI0_SIO[2] | DPI_DE | UART1_RX | I2C0_SCL | SYS_RIO[1] | PROC_RIO[1] | PIO[1] | SPI2_SIO[1] | |
| GPIO2 | SPI0_CSn[3] | DPI_VSYNC | UART1_CTS | I2C1_SDA | UART0_IR_RX | SYS_RIO[2] | PROC_RIO[2] | PIO[2] | SPI2_SIO[0] |
| GPIO3 | SPI0_CSn[2] | DPI_HSYNC | UART1_RTS | I2C1_SCL | UART0_IR_TX | SYS_RIO[3] | PROC_RIO[3] | PIO[3] | SPI2_SCLK |
| GPIO4 | GPCLK[0] | DPI_D[0] | UART2_TX | I2C2_SDA | UART0_RI | SYS_RIO[4] | PROC_RIO[4] | PIO[4] | SPI3_CSn[0] |
| GPIO5 | GPCLK[1] | DPI_D[1] | UART2_RX | I2C2_SCL | UART0_DTR | SYS_RIO[5] | PROC_RIO[5] | PIO[5] | SPI3_SIO[1] |
| GPIO6 | GPCLK[2] | DPI_D[2] | UART2_CTS | I2C3_SDA | UART0_DCD | SYS_RIO[6] | PROC_RIO[6] | PIO[6] | SPI3_SIO[0] |
| GPIO7 | SPI0_CSn[1] | DPI_D[3] | UART2_RTS | I2C3_SCL | UART0_DSR | SYS_RIO[7] | PROC_RIO[7] | PIO[7] | SPI3_SCLK |
| GPIO8 | SPI0_CSn[0] | DPI_D[4] | UART3_TX | I2C0_SDA | SYS_RIO[8] | PROC_RIO[8] | PIO[8] | SPI4_CSn[0] | |
| GPIO9 | SPI0_SIO[1] | DPI_D[5] | UART3_RX | I2C0_SCL | SYS_RIO[9] | PROC_RIO[9] | PIO[9] | SPI4_SIO[0] | |
| GPIO10 | SPI0_SIO[0] | DPI_D[6] | UART3_CTS | I2C1_SDA | SYS_RIO[10] | PROC_RIO[10] | PIO[10] | SPI4_SIO[1] | |
| GPIO11 | SPI0_SCLK | DPI_D[7] | UART3_RTS | I2C1_SCL | SYS_RIO[11] | PROC_RIO[11] | PIO[11] | SPI4_SCLK | |
| GPIO12 | PWM0[0] | DPI_D[8] | UART4_TX | I2C2_SDA | AUDIO_OUT_L | SYS_RIO[12] | PROC_RIO[12] | PIO[12] | SPI5_CSn[0] |
| GPIO13 | PWM0[1] | DPI_D[9] | UART4_RX | I2C2_SCL | AUDIO_OUT_R | SYS_RIO[13] | PROC_RIO[13] | PIO[13] | SPI5_SIO[1] |
| GPIO14 | PWM0[2] | DPI_D[10] | UART4_CTS | I2C3_SDA | UART0_TX | SYS_RIO[14] | PROC_RIO[14] | PIO[14] | SPI5_SIO[0] |
| GPIO15 | PWM0[3] | DPI_D[11] | UART4_RTS | I2C3_SCL | UART0_RX | SYS_RIO[15] | PROC_RIO[15] | PIO[15] | SPI5_SCLK |
| GPIO16 | SPI1_CSn[2] | DPI_D[12] | MIPI0_DSI_TE | UART0_CTS | SYS_RIO[16] | PROC_RIO[16] | PIO[16] | ||
| GPIO17 | SPI1_CSn[1] | DPI_D[13] | MIPI1_DSI_TE | UART0_RTS | SYS_RIO[17] | PROC_RIO[17] | PIO[17] | ||
| GPIO18 | SPI1_CSn[0] | DPI_D[14] | I2S0_SCLK | PWM0[2] | I2S1_SCLK | SYS_RIO[18] | PROC_RIO[18] | PIO[18] | GPCLK[1] |
| GPIO19 | SPI1_SIO[1] | DPI_D[15] | I2S0_WS | PWM0[3] | I2S1_WS | SYS_RIO[19] | PROC_RIO[19] | PIO[19] | |
| GPIO20 | SPI1_SIO[0] | DPI_D[16] | I2S0_SDI[0] | GPCLK[0] | I2S1_SDI[0] | SYS_RIO[20] | PROC_RIO[20] | PIO[20] | |
| GPIO21 | SPI1_SCLK | DPI_D[17] | I2S0_SDO[0] | GPCLK[1] | I2S1_SDO[0] | SYS_RIO[21] | PROC_RIO[21] | PIO[21] | |
| GPIO22 | SDIO0_CLK | DPI_D[18] | I2S0_SDI[1] | I2C3_SDA | I2S1_SDI[1] | SYS_RIO[22] | PROC_RIO[22] | PIO[22] | |
| GPIO23 | SDIO0_CMD | DPI_D[19] | I2S0_SDO[1] | I2C3_SCL | I2S1_SDO[1] | SYS_RIO[23] | PROC_RIO[23] | PIO[23] | |
| GPIO24 | SDIO0_DAT[0] | DPI_D[20] | I2S0_SDI[2] | I2S1_SDI[2] | SYS_RIO[24] | PROC_RIO[24] | PIO[24] | SPI2_CSn[1] | |
| GPIO25 | SDIO0_DAT[1] | DPI_D[21] | I2S0_SDO[2] | AUDIO_IN_CLK | I2S1_SDO[2] | SYS_RIO[25] | PROC_RIO[25] | PIO[25] | SPI3_CSn[1] |
| GPIO26 | SDIO0_DAT[2] | DPI_D[22] | I2S0_SDI[3] | AUDIO_IN_DAT0 | I2S1_SDI[3] | SYS_RIO[26] | PROC_RIO[26] | PIO[26] | SPI5_CSn[1] |
| GPIO27 | SDIO0_DAT[3] | DPI_D[23] | I2S0_SDO[3] | AUDIO_IN_DAT1 | I2S1_SDO[3] | SYS_RIO[27] | PROC_RIO[27] | PIO[27] | SPI1_CSn[1] |
Each GPIO can have one function selected at a time. Likewise, each peripheral input (e.g. I2C3_SCL) should only be selected on one GPIO at a time. If the same peripheral input is connected to multiple GPIOs, the peripheral sees the logical OR of these GPIO inputs. Function selections without a named function in this list are reserved.
To enable a specific UART, add the corresponding overlay to /boot/config.txt. For example, to enable UART 1 on GPIOs 0 and 1, add the following line to /boot/config.txt:
dtoverlay=uart1-pi5
See 'github.com/m1geo/Pi5_PCIe' & datasheets.raspberrypi.com/pcie/pcie-connector-standard.pdf
A firmware update is required fix a known issue that prevents the dtoverlays for UARTs from working.
Install rpi-update on Ubuntu 23.10 with the following commands:
sudo curl -L --output /usr/bin/rpi-update https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Hexxeh/rpi-update/master/rpi-update && sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/rpi-update
Then update the firmware on your RPI5 with:
sudo rpi-update
dtoverlays for I2C:
dtoverlay=i2c0-pi5,pins_8_9
dtoverlay=i2c1-pi5,pins_10_11
dtoverlay=i2c2-pi5,pins_12_13
#dtoverlay=i2c3-pi5,pins_22_23 #default 14-15: ! same as UART0
i2c An alias for i2c_arm
i2c_arm Set to "on" to enable the ARM's i2c interface
(default "off")
i2c_arm_baudrate Set the baudrate of the ARM's i2c interface
(default "100000")
i2c_baudrate An alias for i2c_arm_baudrate
i2c_csi_dsi Set to "on" to enable the i2c_csi_dsi interface
i2c_csi_dsi0 Set to "on" to enable the i2c_csi_dsi0 interface
i2c_csi_dsi1 Set to "on" to enable the i2c_csi_dsi1 interface
i2c_vc Set to "on" to enable the i2c interface
usually reserved for the VideoCore processor
(default "off")
i2c_vc_baudrate Set the baudrate of the VideoCore i2c interface
(default "100000")
Name: i2c0
Info: Change i2c0 pin usage. Not all pin combinations are usable on all
platforms - platforms other then Compute Modules can only use this
to disable transaction combining.
Do NOT use in conjunction with dtparam=i2c_vc=on. From the 5.4 kernel
onwards the base DT includes the use of i2c_mux_pinctrl to expose two
muxings of BSC0 - GPIOs 0&1, and whichever combination is used for the
camera and display connectors. This overlay disables that mux and
configures /dev/i2c0 to point at whichever set of pins is requested.
dtparam=i2c_vc=on will try and enable the mux, so combining the two
will cause conflicts.
Load: dtoverlay=i2c0,<param>=<val>
Params: pins_0_1 Use pins 0 and 1 (default)
pins_28_29 Use pins 28 and 29
pins_44_45 Use pins 44 and 45
pins_46_47 Use pins 46 and 47
combine Allow transactions to be combined (default
"yes")
Name: i2c0-bcm2708
Info: Deprecated, legacy version of i2c0.
Load: <Deprecated>
Name: i2c0-pi5
Info: Enable i2c0 (Pi 5 only)
Load: dtoverlay=i2c0-pi5,<param>=<val>
Params: pins_0_1 Use GPIOs 0 and 1 (default)
pins_8_9 Use GPIOs 8 and 9
baudrate Set the baudrate for the interface (default
"100000")
Name: i2c1
Info: Change i2c1 pin usage. Not all pin combinations are usable on all
platforms - platforms other then Compute Modules can only use this
to disable transaction combining.
Load: dtoverlay=i2c1,<param>=<val>
Params: pins_2_3 Use pins 2 and 3 (default)
pins_44_45 Use pins 44 and 45
combine Allow transactions to be combined (default
"yes")
Name: i2c1-bcm2708
Info: Deprecated, legacy version of i2c1.
Load: <Deprecated>
Name: i2c1-pi5
Info: Enable i2c1 (Pi 5 only)
Load: dtoverlay=i2c1-pi5,<param>=<val>
Params: pins_2_3 Use GPIOs 2 and 3 (default)
pins_10_11 Use GPIOs 10 and 11
baudrate Set the baudrate for the interface (default
"100000")
Name: i2c2-pi5
Info: Enable i2c2 (Pi 5 only)
Load: dtoverlay=i2c2-pi5,<param>=<val>
Params: pins_4_5 Use GPIOs 4 and 5 (default)
pins_12_13 Use GPIOs 12 and 13
baudrate Set the baudrate for the interface (default
"100000")
Name: i2c3
Info: Enable the i2c3 bus. BCM2711 only.
Load: dtoverlay=i2c3,<param>
Params: pins_2_3 Use GPIOs 2 and 3
pins_4_5 Use GPIOs 4 and 5 (default)
baudrate Set the baudrate for the interface (default
"100000")
Name: i2c3-pi5
Info: Enable i2c3 (Pi 5 only)
Load: dtoverlay=i2c3-pi5,<param>=<val>
Params: pins_6_7 Use GPIOs 6 and 7 (default)
pins_14_15 Use GPIOs 14 and 15
pins_22_23 Use GPIOs 22 and 23
baudrate Set the baudrate for the interface (default
"100000")
Name: i2c4
Info: Enable the i2c4 bus. BCM2711 only.
Load: dtoverlay=i2c4,<param>
Params: pins_6_7 Use GPIOs 6 and 7
pins_8_9 Use GPIOs 8 and 9 (default)
baudrate Set the baudrate for the interface (default
"100000")
Name: i2c5
Info: Enable the i2c5 bus. BCM2711 only.
Load: dtoverlay=i2c5,<param>
Params: pins_10_11 Use GPIOs 10 and 11
pins_12_13 Use GPIOs 12 and 13 (default)
baudrate Set the baudrate for the interface (default
"100000")
Name: i2c6
Info: Enable the i2c6 bus. BCM2711 only.
Load: dtoverlay=i2c6,<param>
Params: pins_0_1 Use GPIOs 0 and 1
pins_22_23 Use GPIOs 22 and 23 (default)
baudrate Set the baudrate for the interface (default
"100000")
dtoverlays for UARTs:
Name: uart0
Info: Change the pin usage of uart0
Load: dtoverlay=uart0,<param>=<val>
Params: txd0_pin GPIO pin for TXD0 (14, 32 or 36 - default 14)
rxd0_pin GPIO pin for RXD0 (15, 33 or 37 - default 15)
pin_func Alternative pin function - 4(Alt0) for 14&15,
7(Alt3) for 32&33, 6(Alt2) for 36&37
Name: uart0-pi5
Info: Enable uart 0 on GPIOs 14-15. Pi 5 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart0-pi5,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 16-17 (default off)
Name: uart1
Info: Change the pin usage of uart1
Load: dtoverlay=uart1,<param>=<val>
Params: txd1_pin GPIO pin for TXD1 (14, 32 or 40 - default 14)
rxd1_pin GPIO pin for RXD1 (15, 33 or 41 - default 15)
Name: uart1-pi5
Info: Enable uart 1 on GPIOs 0-1. Pi 5 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart1-pi5,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 2-3 (default off)
Name: uart2
Info: Enable uart 2 on GPIOs 0-3. BCM2711 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart2,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 2-3 (default off)
Name: uart2-pi5
Info: Enable uart 2 on GPIOs 4-5. Pi 5 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart2-pi5,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 6-7 (default off)
Name: uart3
Info: Enable uart 3 on GPIOs 4-7. BCM2711 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart3,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 6-7 (default off)
Name: uart3-pi5
Info: Enable uart 3 on GPIOs 8-9. Pi 5 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart3-pi5,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 10-11 (default off)
Name: uart4
Info: Enable uart 4 on GPIOs 8-11. BCM2711 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart4,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 10-11 (default off)
Name: uart4-pi5
Info: Enable uart 4 on GPIOs 12-13. Pi 5 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart4-pi5,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 14-15 (default off)
Name: uart5
Info: Enable uart 5 on GPIOs 12-15. BCM2711 only.
Load: dtoverlay=uart5,<param>
Params: ctsrts Enable CTS/RTS on GPIOs 14-15 (default off)
Default device tree overlay pinout:
Sources:
RP1 is a peripheral controller, designed by Raspberry Pi for use on Raspberry Pi 5. It connects to an application processor (AP),the 16nm Broadcom BCM2712, via a PCIe 2.0 x4 bus, and aggregates many digital controllers and analog PHYs for Raspberry Pi 5’s external interfaces.
The widely-used RPi.GPIO library is not compatible with the Raspberry Pi 5 and will not work.
This is due to the new RP1 I/O controller chip, which changes how GPIO pins are accessed at a low level. Attempting to use RPi.GPIO will result in an error.
The officially recommended Python libraries for controlling GPIO on the Raspberry Pi 5 are GPIO Zero (for beginners and most use cases) and gpiod (for intermediate/advanced use).
GPIO Zero is a high-level, beginner-friendly library that represents components as objects (like LED, Button, Motor). It is pre-installed on Raspberry Pi OS and has been updated to work seamlessly with the Pi 5 by using a compatible backend (lgpio) automatically.
Example: Blink an LED on GPIO 17
from gpiozero import LED
from time import sleep
# Use GPIO pin 17 (physical pin 11)
led = LED(17)
print("Press Ctrl+C to exit")
try:
while True:
led.on() # Turn the LED on
sleep(1)
led.off() # Turn the LED off
sleep(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("\nExiting...")
led.close()For users who need more direct, lower-level control similar to what RPi.GPIO provided, the modern library to use is gpiod. It is the standard, kernel-supported way to interact with GPIO pins on Linux.
Installation:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3-gpiodExample: Blink an LED on GPIO 17
Note that the code is more verbose, as it provides more direct control. On the Raspberry Pi 5, the GPIO pins are on gpiochip4.
import gpiod
import time
# On Raspberry Pi 5, the GPIO pins are on chip 4
CHIP = 'gpiochip4'
LED_LINE = 17 # Use GPIO pin 17
# Request the chip and the specific GPIO line
chip = gpiod.Chip(CHIP)
led_line = chip.get_line(LED_LINE)
# Configure the line as an output
led_line.request(consumer="my-led", type=gpiod.LINE_REQ_DIR_OUT)
print("Press Ctrl+C to exit")
try:
while True:
led_line.set_value(1) # Turn the LED on
time.sleep(1)
led_line.set_value(0) # Turn the LED off
time.sleep(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("\nExiting...")
finally:
# Release the line so other programs can use it
led_line.release()8gb board: https://amzn.to/4o7dBUU
16gb board: https://amzn.to/4qbC9Oh
Official heatsink: https://amzn.to/3KRpu2R
Upgraded geekworm heatsink: https://amzn.to/499peGl