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46 changes: 46 additions & 0 deletions fern/docs/cheese.mdx
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---
title: Cheese
description: A comprehensive guide to cheese - the beloved dairy product
---

# Cheese

**Cheese** is a type of dairy product produced in a range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein. It is composed of proteins and fat from milk, usually of cows, goats or sheep, and sometimes of water buffalo.

## History

Cheese is an ancient food whose origins predate recorded history. The earliest evidence of cheesemaking in the archaeological record dates back to 5500 BCE and is found in what is now Kuyavia, Poland, where strainers coated with milk-fat molecules have been found.

Over a thousand types of cheese exist, produced in various countries. Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk, whether they have been pasteurised, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and how long they have been aged.

## Types of Cheese

There are many types of cheese, with around 500 different varieties recognized by the International Dairy Federation:

- **Hard cheeses** - such as Parmesan, Cheddar, Gouda
- **Soft cheeses** - such as Brie, Camembert
- **Blue cheeses** - such as Roquefort, Stilton, Gorgonzola
- **Fresh cheeses** - such as Mozzarella, Ricotta, Cottage cheese

## Cheese Images

![Cheese Platter](https://promptless-customer-doc-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/docs-images/org_2lvkqtWA4nRPwholEv1uvTUq4Vu/cheese_platter-0f07b15c.jpg)
*A platter with cheese and garnishes*

![Clara Peeters Cheese Painting](https://promptless-customer-doc-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/docs-images/org_2lvkqtWA4nRPwholEv1uvTUq4Vu/clara_peeters_cheese_painting-50ca9f9b.jpg)
*Still Life with Cheeses, Almonds and Pretzels by Clara Peeters, c. 1615*

![Hard Cheeses](https://promptless-customer-doc-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/docs-images/org_2lvkqtWA4nRPwholEv1uvTUq4Vu/hard_cheeses_germany-3ff6f46d.jpg)
*Hard cheeses in Germany*

## Production

In 2022, world production of cheese from whole cow milk was 22.6 million tonnes, with the United States accounting for 28% of the total, followed by Germany, France, Italy and the Netherlands as secondary producers.

## Nutrition

Cheese is a rich source of calcium, protein, phosphorus, sodium and saturated fat. A 17-gram (one slice) serving of cheddar cheese contains about 4 grams of protein and 120 milligrams of calcium.

## Related Resources

For the full Wikipedia article on cheese, see [cheese_wikipedia.html](/cheese_wikipedia.html).
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