fix: Python interface compatibility - update requires-python and fix examples

[ethanio12345]

Description

This PR fixes the Python interface for the RTK package to work with the current itk-rtk PyPI distribution.

Changes Made

pyproject.toml Fix

• Updated requires-python from ">=3.8" to ">=3.10" to resolve dependency conflicts with sphinx>=7.2.6 and myst-parser[linkify]
• Added uv.lock for dependency reproducibility

Python Example Fixes

• FirstReconstruction.py: Fixed FDKConeBeamReconstructionFilter template parameter count (3→1)
• InlineReconstruction.py: Fixed ParkerShortScanImageFilter and FDKConeBeamReconstructionFilter template parameter counts
• ConjugateGradient.py: Rewritten to use core RTK API instead of application-level functions not in PyPI package
• GeometricPhantom.py: Switched to built-in Shepp-Logan phantom instead of missing "Thorax" config file
• WaterPreCorrection.py: Added auto-generation of test data when output directory is missing

Other

• Updated .gitignore to exclude generated example output files

[ethanio12345]

Actually, I might leave these open (at least for y'all to close). I had some package conflicts and uv suggests py 3.10 for the sphinx. There were some missing files not available when I did git clone to run the examples.

[SimonRit]

I think the issue is that the current package release is incompatible with the doc on the main branch since #919. However, you can download the latest python package as GitHub artifacts on the CI as artifacts from the workflows https://github.com/RTKConsortium/RTK/pull/919/checks.

@axel-grc should we consider rolling back the doc to one compatible with the current pypi packages and produce python packages with backward compatibility until the next release?

[acoussat]

As a more general comment, shouldn't the landing page of https://docs.openrtk.org be https://docs.openrtk.org/en/v2.7.0/ instead of https://docs.openrtk.org/en/latest/?

[axel-grc]

instead

That could be a solution, but that would hide the latest changes in the c++ side.
Maybe we could consider to add a warning in the latest doc to refer to the 2.7 doc when installing the package with pip install itk-rtk ?

[SimonRit]

I prefer to use latest as the default. +1 for adding a note in INSTALLATION.md on how to download the latest package.