fix: guard crash-prone runtime paths

[ShiroKSH]

Summary

• avoid a nil optional-argument crash in ulx ent
• reject dedicated-server-console use of ulx jailtp before reading player position
• re-check stale players/state in delayed ragdoll and maul callbacks
• fix malformed log color validation so bad cvar data is rejected

Why

These paths can be reached during normal admin usage or delayed callbacks after a player has disconnected or a state has ended. The changes add narrow guards without changing command permissions, target selection, damage, jail, ragdoll, or maul behavior.

Checks

• git diff --check
• manual review of touched call sites

[ShiroKSH]

@Nayruden - could you take a look at the runtime crash guards in this PR when you have a chance, or route it to the right reviewer? I can make any requested changes or add tests. Thanks!