CAMEL-23655: Update GitHub topics for better discoverability

[davsclaus]

Summary

• Expand GitHub topics from 3 to 15 (out of 20 max) to improve discoverability
• Add examples to identify this as a samples/examples repository
• Add runtimes: spring-boot, quarkus
• Add integration-framework, enterprise-integration-patterns
• Add deployment/ecosystem: cloud-native, kafka
• Add capabilities: rest-api, yaml, data-transformation
• Add microservices, mcp

Follows the same topic expansion done in apache/camel#23673.

Test plan

• After merge, verify topics appear on https://github.com/apache/camel-examples

Claude Code on behalf of Claus Ibsen

[apupier]

there is only camel main example in this repository, isn't it?

[apupier]

there is no mcp example