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45 changes: 45 additions & 0 deletions modules/Statistics/Statistics.Rmd
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Expand Up @@ -736,5 +736,50 @@ knitr::include_graphics(here::here("images/the-end-g23b994289_1280.jpg"))

Image by <a href="https://pixabay.com/users/geralt-9301/?utm_source=link-attribution&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=image&amp;utm_content=812226">Gerd Altmann</a> from <a href="https://pixabay.com//?utm_source=link-attribution&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=image&amp;utm_content=812226">Pixabay</a>

# Extra Slides

## Wilcoxon Test

The Wilcoxon test is a good alternative to the t-test when the normal distribution of the differences between paired individuals cannot be assumed.

`wilcox.test(x, y, ..)`

- Like t-test, provide one or two vectors (x, y)
- Choose from `alternative = c("two.sided", "less", "greater")`
- Use `paired = TRUE` for paired values (e.g., before and after)

## Shapiro Test

Can tell you if a vector is normally distributed.

`shapiro.test(x)`

The smaller the p-value, the more likely the data violates normality assumptions.

## Kolmogorov-Smirnov test

Can tell you if two groups come from different distributions.

`ks.test()`

The smaller the p-value, the more likely the data are from different distributions.

## Fisher’s F-Test

Performs an F test to compare the variances of two samples from normal populations.

`var.test()`

## Chi-squared test

For categorical data/ratios, can tell you if observations match expected values or if two categorical variables are independent.

`chisq.test()`

## Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

For balanced designs, determine if multiple variables influence a dependent variable. "Within versus among group variance".

`aov()`


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